ГОСТ Р 8.736-2011 Государственная система обеспечения единства измерений (ГСИ). Измерения прямые многократные. Методы обработки результатов измерений. Основные положения

ГОСТ:

ГОСТ 12071-84 Грунты. Отбор, упаковка, транспортирование и хранение образцов

ГОСТ 12071-2000 Грунты. Отбор, упаковка, транспортирование и хранение образцов

ГОСТ 12071-2014 Грунты. Отбор, упаковка, транспортирование и хранение образцов

ASTM for Rocks:

Volume 04.08 Soil and Rock (I): D420-D5876

• D653-14 Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
• D2113-14 Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Exploration
• D2216-10 Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
• D2845-08 Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Pulse Velocities and Ultrasonic Elastic Constants of Rock
• D2936-08 Standard Test Method for Direct Tensile Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens
• D3740-12a Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• D3967-08 Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens
• D4394-08 Standard Test Method for Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using Rigid Plate Loading Method
• D4395-08 Standard Test Method for Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using Flexible Plate Loading Method
• D4403-12 Standard Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock
• D4404-10 Standard Test Method for Determination of Pore Volume and Pore Volume Distribution of Soil and Rock by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry
• D4525-13e1 Standard Test Method for Permeability of Rocks by Flowing Air
• D4535-13e1 Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Thermal Expansion of Rock Using Dilatometer
• D4543-08 Standard Practices for Preparing Rock Core as Cylindrical Test Specimens and Verifying Conformance to Dimensional and Shape Tolerances
• D4644-08 Standard Test Method for Slake Durability of Shales and Similar Weak Rocks
• D4832-10 Standard Test Method for Preparation and Testing of Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) Test Cylinders
• D5079-08 Standard Practices for Preserving and Transporting Rock Core Samples
• D5255-14 Standard Practice for Certification of Personnel Engaged in the Testing of Soil and Rock
• D5607-08 Standard Test Method for Performing Laboratory Direct Shear Strength Tests of Rock Specimens Under Constant Normal Force

Volume 04.09 Soil and Rock (II): D5877-latest

• D6539-13 Standard Test Method for Measurement of the Permeability of Unsaturated Porous Materials by Flowing Air
• D7012-14 Standard Test Methods for Compressive Strength and Elastic Moduli of Intact Rock Core Specimens under Varying States of Stress and Temperatures
• D7070-08 Standard Test Methods for Creep of Rock Core Under Constant Stress and Temperature
• D7099-04(2010) Standard Terminology Relating to Frozen Soil and Rock

Volume 04.08 Soil and Rock (I): D420-D5876

• D2850-03a (2007) Standard Test Method for Unconsolidated-Undrained Triaxial Compression Test on Cohesive Soils
• D3080/D3080M-11 Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions
• D4767 - 04 Standard Test Method for Consolidated Undrained Triaxial Compression Test for Cohesive Soils

Volume 04.09 Soil and Rock (II): D5877-latest

• D7181: Test Method for Consolidated Drained Triaxial Compression Test for Soils

The Orange Book "The ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 2007-2014"

The content of the Orange Book:

• “Preface” by Professors John A. Hudson and Xia-Ting Feng, ISRM Presidents 2007-2011 and 2011-2105, respectively.
• “Introduction” by the Editor 
• The Present and Future of Rock Testing: Highlighting the ISRM Suggested Methods

Part I - Laboratory Testing:

• ISRM Suggested Method for Determination of the Schmidt Hammer Rebound Hardness: Revised Version.
• ISRM Suggested Methods for Determining the Dynamic Strength Parameters and Mode-I Fracture - Toughness of Rock Materials.
• ISRM Suggested Method for the Determination of Mode II Fracture Toughness.
• ISRM Suggested Method for Reporting Rock Laboratory Test Data in Electronic Format.
• Upgraded ISRM Suggested Method for Determining Sound Velocity by Ultrasonic Pulse Transmission Technique.
• ISRM Suggested Method for Determining the Abrasivity of Rock by the CERCHAR Abrasivity Test.
•  ISRM-Suggested Method for Determining the Mode I Static Fracture Toughness Using Semi-Circular Bend Specimen.
• ISRM Suggested Methods for Determining the Creep Characteristics of Rock.
• ISRM Suggested Method for Laboratory Determination of the Shear Strength of Rock Joints: Revised Version.
• ISRM Suggested Method for the Needle Penetration Test.

Part II - Field Testing:

• ISRM Suggested Method for Rock Fractures Observations Using a Borehole Digital Optical Televiewer.
• ISRM Suggested Method for Measuring Rock Mass Displacement Using a Sliding Micrometer.
• ISRM Suggested Method for Step-Rate Injection Method for Fracture In-Situ Properties (SIMFIP): Using a 3-Components Borehole Deformation Sensor.
• ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Stress Estimation—Part 5: Establishing a Model for the In Situ Stress at a Given Site.

Part - III Monitoring: 

• ISRM Suggested Method for Monitoring Rock Displacements Using the Global Positioning Systems (GPS).

Part- IV Failure Criteria:

• Suggested Methods for Rock Failure Criteria: General Introduction.
• Introduction to Suggested Methods for Failure Criteria.
• Mohr–Coulomb Failure Criterion.
• The Hoek-Brown Failure Criterion.
• Three-Dimensional Failure Criteria Based on the Hoek–Brown Criterion.
• Drucker-Prager Criterion.
• Lade and Modified Lade 3D Rock Strength Criteria.
• A Failure Criterion for Rocks Based on True Triaxial Testing.

Part V - Additional Article on Rock Characterization:

• A Survey of 3D Laser Scanning Techniques for Application to Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering.

The Blue Book: "The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring:1974-2006", Edited by R. Ulusay and J.A. Hudson.

ISRM SUGGESTED METHODS

1- SITE CHARACTERIZATION

SM for Quantitative Description of Discontinuities in Rock Masses - 1978 [EUR 8]

SM for Geophysical Logging of Boreholes - 1981 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - Technical Introduction
       Part 2 - SM for Single-Point Resistance and Conventional Resistivity Logs
       Part 3 - SM for the Spontaneous Potential Log
       Part 4 - SM for the Induction Log
       Part 5 - SM for the Gamma-Ray Log
       Part 6 - SM for the Neutron Log
       Part 7 - SM for the Gamma-Gamma Density Log
       Part 8 - SM for the Acoustic or Sonic Log
       Part 9 - SM for the Caliper Log
       Part 10 - SM for the Temperature Log
       Part 11 - References

2 - LABORATORY TESTING

SM for Petrographic Description of Rocks - 1978 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining Water Content, Porosity, Density, Absorption and Related Properties and Swelling and Slake-Durability Index Properties - 1977 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Determining Water Content, Porosity, Density, Absorption and Related Properties
                    SM for Determination of the Water Content of a Rock Sample
                    SM for Porosity/Density Determination Using Saturation and Caliper Techniques
                    SM for Porosity/Density Determination Using Saturation and Buoyancy Techniques
                    SM for Porosity/Density Determination Using Mercury Displacement and Grain Specific Gravity Techniques
                    SM for Porosity/Density Determination Using Mercury Displacement and Boyle’s Law Techniques
                    SM for Void Index Determination Using the Quick Absorption Technique
       Part 2 - SM for Determining Swelling and Slake-Durability Index Properties
                    SM for Determination of the Swelling Pressure Index Under Conditions of Zero Volume Change
                    SM for Determination of the Swelling Strain Index for a Radially Confined Specimen With Axial Surcharge
                    SM for Determination of the Swelling Strain Developed in an Unconfined Rock Specimen
                    SM for Determination of the Slake-Durability Index

SM for Determining Hardness and Abrasiveness of Rocks – 1978 [EUR 4] 
       Part 1 – Introduction and Review
       Part 2 - SM for Determining the Resistance to Abrasion of Aggregate by Use of the Los Angeles Machine
       Part 3 - SM for Determination of the Schmidt Rebound Hardness

SM for Determining the Shore Hardness Value for Rock - 2006 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining Sound Velocity - 1978 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining Point Load Strength - 1985 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining the Indentation Hardness Index of Rock Materials - 1998 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining Block Punch Strength Index (BPI) - 2001 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining the Uniaxial Compressive Strength and Deformability of Rock Materials - 1979 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Determination of the Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Rock Materials
       Part 2 - SM for Determining Deformability of Rock Materials in Uniaxial Compression

SM for Determining the Strength of Rock Materials in Triaxial Compression - 1978 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining Shear Strength - 1974 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for In Situ Determination of Direct Shear Strength
       Part 2 - SM for Laboratory Determination of Direct Shear Strength
       Part 3 - SM for In Situ Determination of Shear Strength Using a Torsional Shear Test

SM for Determining Tensile Strength of Rock Materials - 1978 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Determining Direct Tensile Strength
       Part 2 - SM for Determining Indirect Tensile Strength by the Brazil Test

SM for Laboratory Testing of Argillaceous Swelling Rock - 1989 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Sampling, Storage and Preparation of Test Specimens
       Part 2 - SM for Determining Maximum Axial Swelling Stress
       Part 3 - SM for Determining Axial and Radial Free Swelling Strain
       Part 4 - SM for Determining Axial Swelling Stress as a Function of Axial Swelling Strain

SM for Laboratory Testing of Swelling Rocks - 1999 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Sampling, Storage and Preparation of Test Specimens
       Part 2 - SM for Determining Axial Swelling Stress
       Part 3 - SM for Determining Axial and Radial Free Swelling Strain
       Part 4 - SM for Determining Axial Swelling Stress as a Function of Axial Swelling Strain

SM for the Complete Stress-Strain Curve for Intact Rock in Uniaxial Compression - 1999 [EUR 4]

SM for Determining the Fracture Toughness of Rock - 1988 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Determining Fracture Toughness Using Chevron Bend Specimens
       Part 2 - SM for Determining Fracture Toughness Using Short Rod Specimens

SM for Determining Mode I Fracture Toughness Using Cracked Chevron Notched Brazilian Disc (CCNBD) Specimens - 1995 [EUR 4]

3 - FIELD TESTING

3.1 DEFORMABILITY TESTS

SM for Determining In Situ Deformability of Rock - 1979 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Deformability Determination Using a Plate Test (Superficial Loading)
       Part 2 - SM for Field Deformability Determination Using a Plate Test Down a Borehole
       Part 3 - SM for Measuring Rock Mass Deformability Using a Radial Jacking Test

SM for Deformability Determination Using a Large Flat Jack Technique 1986 [EUR 4]

SM for Deformability Determination Using a Flexible Dilatometer – 1987 [EUR 4]
       SM for Deformability Using a Flexible Dilatometer with Volume Change Measurements
       SM for Deformability Using a Flexible Dilatometer with Radial Displacement Measurements

SM for Deformability Determination Using a Stiff Dilatometer - 1996 [EUR 4]

3.2 IN SITU TRESS MEASUREMENTS

SM for Rock Stress Determination - 1987 [EUR 4]
       SM for Rock Stress Determination Using a Flatjack Technique
       SM for Rock Stress Determination Using the Hydraulic Fracturing Technique
       SM for Rock Stress Determination Using a USBM-Type Drillhole Deformation Gauge
       SM for Rock Stress Determination Using a CSIR- or CSIRO-Type Cell with 9 or 12 Strain Gauges

SM for In Situ Stress Measurement Using the Compact Conical-Ended Borehole Overcoring (CCBO) Technique - 1999 [EUR 4]

SM for Rock Stress Estimation - 2003 
       Part 1: Strategy for Rock Stress Estimation [EUR 4] 
       Part 2: Overcoming Methods [EUR 4]
       Part 3: Hydraulic Fracturing (HF) and/or Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing    Fractures (HTPF) [EUR 4]
       Part 4: Quality Control of Rock Stress Estimation [EUR 4]

3.3 GEOPHYSICAL TESTING

SM for Seismic Testing Within and Between Boreholes - 1988 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - Technical Introduction
       Part 2 - SM for Seismic Testing Within a Borehole
       Part 3 - SM for Seismic Testing Between Boreholes
       Part 4 - SM for Seismic Tomography

SM for Land Geophysics in Rock Engineering - 2004 [EUR 4]
       Seismic Refraction
       Shallow Seismic Reflexion
       Electrical
       Electromagnetic
       Ground Penetration Radar
       Gravity
       Radiometric

SM for Borehole Geophysics in Rock Engineering - 2006 [EUR 8]
       Velocity Measurements Along a Borehole
       Electric and Electromagnetic Logging
       Nuclear Logging
       Vertical Seismic Profiling
       Seismic Tomography
       Resistivity Tomography
       Seismic Ahead of a Tunnel Face

3.4 OTHER TESTS

SM for Rapid Field Identification of Swelling and Slaking Rocks - 1994 [EUR 4]

SM for Large Scale Sampling and Triaxial Testing of Jointed Rock - 1989 [EUR 4]

3.5 BOLTING AND ANCHORING TESTS

SM for Rockbolt Testing - 1974 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Determining the Strength of a Rockbolt Anchor (Pull Test)
       Part 2 - SM of Determining Rockbolt Tension Using a Torque Wrench
       Part 3 - SM for Monitoring Rockbolt Tension Using Load Cells

SM for Rock Anchorage Testing - 1985 [EUR 4]

4 - MONITORING

SM for Monitoring Rock Movements Using Borehole Extensometers - 1978 [EUR 4]

SM for Monitoring Rock Movements Using Inclinometers and Tiltmeters - 1977 [EUR 4]
       Part 1 - SM for Monitoring Rock Movements Using a Probe Inclinometer
       Part 2 - SM for Monitoring Rock Movements Using Fixed-in-Place Inclinometers
       Part 3 - SM for Monitoring Rock Movements Using Tiltmeters

SM for Pressure Monitoring Using Hydraulic Cells - 1980 [EUR 4]

SM for Surface Monitoring of Movements Across Discontinuities - 1984 [EUR 4]
       SM for Monitoring Movements Across Discontinuities Using Glass Plates
       SM for Monitoring Movements Across Discontinuities Using Pins and a Tape
       SM for Monitoring Movements Across Discontinuities Using a Portable Mechanical Gauge
       SM for Monitoring Movements Across Discontinuities Using a Remote Reading Electrical Jointmeter

SM for Blast Vibration Monitoring - 1992 [EUR 4]

Литература:

Старение керна

Попов В.В. Изменение физических свойств образцов керна после их подъема с больших глубин на поверхность // НТВ «Каротажник». Тверь: АИС, 2009. Вып. 178. С. 80–89