Геофизические процессы и биосфера: статья

СЕЗОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КРАСНОЙ КРОВИ У ЗДОРОВЫХ ЛЮДЕЙ В РЕГИОНАХ С РАЗНЫМИ ТИПАМИ КЛИМАТА: МЕТААНАЛИЗ
Н.В. КУЗЬМЕНКО1,2
В.А. ЦЫРЛИН1
М.Г. ПЛИСС1,2
1 Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова Минздрава России

2 Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова Минздрава России
Журнал: Геофизические процессы и биосфера
Том: 20
Номер: 3
Год: 2021
Страницы: 39-60
УДК: 574.24
DOI: 10.21455/GPB2021.3-3
Ключевые слова: гематокрит, гемоглобин, эритроциты, сезонность, климат
Аннотация: Известно, что у млекопитающих, обитающих в регионах, отличных от тропических, зимой обычно наблюдается гемоконцентрация. Среднестатистический современный человек активно использует искусственное освещение, отопление, кондиционирование, а также, как правило, не испытывает продолжительных периодов голода и жажды. Цель данной работы с помощью метаанализа публикаций исследовать сезонную динамику показателей красной крови (гематокрита, уровня гемоглобина, количества эритроцитов) у здоровых людей, изучить ее зависимость от пола и особенностей климата региона. Были проанализированы данные по сезонной динамике показателей красной крови у здоровых людей из 27 панельных и двух кросс-секциональных исследований, проведенных в 26 регионах земного шара. Полученные результаты показали, что в крови людей гематокрит и уровень гемоглобина существенно выше зимой, чем летом. Не было выявлено выраженной сезонной динамики количества эритроцитов. Пол не оказывал влияния на сезонную динамику показателей красной крови. Установлено, что в регионах с большой амплитудой цирканнуальных колебаний температуры воздуха сезонные изменения гемоглобина максимальны, а в местах с небольшой разницей между зимними и летними температурами они не выражены. Сезонные изменения гематокрита отмечались в регионах с существенно более высоким атмосферным давлением зимой, чем летом. А там, где атмосферное давление зимой и летом существенно не различалось, сезонные изменения гематокрита не были выражены. На основании проведенных исследований сделан вывод, что у современного человека сезонная динамика показателей красной крови вызвана главным образом цирканнуальными колебаниями температуры воздуха и атмосферного давления. Результаты настоящего и наших предыдущихе исследований показали, что атмосферное давление наряду с фотопериодом и температурой воздуха оказывает влияние на сезонные изменения в функционировании организма, по всей вероятности, через механизмы оксигенации.
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